Conclusions and Recommendations

Puckorius Reports for AS Inc.

Conclusions

These short term laboratory tests show that AS-8150 does compare favorably with orthophosphate as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel under the conditions of the water quality and treatment dosages employed in this study.

The lack of pitting and localized corrosion by AS-8150 on carbon steel suggests that this inhibitor could be a "revolutionary" treatment. It was used at very low levels compared to phosphate and other commonly used cooling water treatments. This is an advantage in product handling and use.

The facts and data developed in this series of tests suggest that if longer tests were performed that even lower corrosion rates would have likely occurred with AS-8150.

The phosphate test program did not reach as low levels of corrosion on the Linear Polarization instrument as did the AS-8150 system and exhibited very severe pitting and localized attack.

Since carbon steel corrosion coupons in the AS-8150 system showed a higher initial corrosion rate versus the phosphate-treated coupons this could be off set by an initial high level passivation.

Deposits were very extensive with the phosphate treatment since no scale inhibitor or deposit inhibitors were included with the basic treatments. The AS-8150 showed very little deposits which is another major advantage of this treatment.

AS-8150 and the phosphate showed almost identical corrosion rates for copper and the copper alloys tested. Even though phosphate is known to attack copper alloys, the test duration was too short to indicate that characteristics. The AS-8150 should not attack copper alloys since it does not have any known ingredients that would be aggressive.

Recommendations

We believe that the AS-8150 product should be tested in both laboratory and actual cooling systems both at higher dosage as well as with an initial higher dosage for passivation. This particularly should be for higher hardness and conductivity waters.

We also feel that it should be compared to higher dosages of phosphate and also against the phosphate/zinc programs.

The addition of deposit inhibitors should be considered again for higher hardness waters as well as with other foulants such as iron oxide deposit prone waters.